Cabbage Wong Bok

🌱 Sowing from Seed: Trays vs Direct

Cabbage seeds can be started either in trays or direct-sown, though starting in trays tends to give better control, especially in regions with fluctuating weather or slug problems.

Tray Sowing (recommended):

Starting in seed trays or punnets gives you a strong start. You can protect the seedlings from pests, weather, and overcrowding, and transplant them when they’re ready.

• When: In temperate zones, sow late summer through early autumn for an autumn-winter harvest. In cooler regions, you can also sow in spring for a summer crop.
• How: Sow seeds around 5mm deep in a quality seed-raising mix. Keep moist but not soggy.
• Transplant: When they’re 4–6 weeks old and have 4–6 true leaves, transplant into garden beds about 40–60cm apart.

Direct Sowing:

If your climate is mild and your garden’s fairly pest-free, direct sowing can work just fine.

• When: As above, timing depends on your region—aim to avoid the hottest and coldest months.
• How: Sow 2–3 seeds per station, 5mm deep, 40–60cm apart. Thin to the strongest seedling once established.

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🧪 Is Seed Pre-treatment Needed?

No pre-treatment is needed for cabbage seeds. They’re fairly quick to germinate (around 5–10 days in warm soil) and don’t require soaking or stratification.

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🌞 Soil & Position

Cabbage is a heavy feeder and needs rich, fertile soil to form those big, dense heads.

• Soil Prep: Add compost, aged manure, or a balanced organic fertiliser before planting. A neutral pH (around 6.5–7) is ideal.
• Sunlight: Full sun is essential—6–8 hours a day.
• Drainage: Soil should hold moisture but drain freely. Raised beds work well if you have heavy clay.

In my own garden, I always rotate brassicas (like cabbage) with legumes or root crops to keep the soil healthy and avoid disease buildup.

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🌿 Care & Maintenance

Once your cabbages are in the ground, it’s all about consistency.

• Watering: Keep the soil evenly moist, especially as heads start to form. Dry spells can cause splitting.
• Mulching: Mulch around plants to hold moisture and suppress weeds.
• Feeding: Give them a boost with a liquid seaweed or fish emulsion every few weeks.
• Support: Larger varieties might need staking in windy spots.
• Weeding: Keep weeds down—cabbage doesn’t like competition.

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🌼 Companion Planting Guide

Cabbage gets along well with quite a few helpful neighbours.

Good Companions:

• Onions, leeks, garlic – help repel aphids and cabbage moths.
• Chamomile and dill – attract beneficial insects.
• Celery and beets – grow well alongside without competing heavily.

Avoid planting near:

• Strawberries and tomatoes – these can stunt cabbage growth.
• Other brassicas (e.g. broccoli, kale, cauliflower) – too many in one space can attract pests and deplete the same nutrients.

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✂️ Harvesting

Cabbage is ready to harvest when the head feels firm and solid when gently squeezed.

• Timing: Depending on the variety, this can be 10–14 weeks from transplanting.
• Method: Use a sharp knife to cut the head at the base. Leave the outer leaves and root in place—you might get some mini side shoots!
• Storage: Heads can be stored in the fridge for a few weeks, or kept in a cool, dark pantry. Don’t wash until you’re ready to use them.

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🐛 Common Issues & Fixes

Issue	Cause	Fix
Cabbage moths (white butterflies)	Caterpillars eating leaves	Use fine mesh netting, check for eggs, hand-pick caterpillars
Aphids	Sap-sucking pests	Blast with water, use insecticidal soap, encourage ladybirds
Cabbage thrip	Tiny insects that cause silvering of leaves	Use neem oil or pyrethrum, rotate crops, remove plant debris
Splitting heads	Irregular watering or heavy rain	Maintain even watering, mulch to reduce stress
Clubroot	Soil-borne fungus	Practice crop rotation, raise soil pH with lime, don’t plant brassicas in the same spot annually

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🌼 Seed Saving Guide

Saving seed from cabbage takes a bit of patience, but it’s a rewarding way to close the loop in your garden.

What You Need to Know:

• Cabbage is biennial, meaning it sets seed in its second year.
• It’s insect-pollinated and cross-pollinates easily with other brassicas, so only grow one variety to save pure seed, or isolate by distance (1km minimum).

Steps:

1. Select healthy, true-to-type plants and let them overwinter.
2. In spring, they’ll send up tall flower stalks.
3. Allow flowers to form and be pollinated.
4. When the seed pods turn brown and dry, cut the stalks and place in a paper bag.
5. Dry thoroughly indoors, then crush pods gently to release seeds.
6. Store in an airtight container in a cool, dry place—label with the year!

Viability: Cabbage seeds last 4–5 years if stored well.

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🌻 Final Thoughts

Cabbage is a classic cool-season crop in Australia and one of the most satisfying to grow from seed. While it does need a bit of space and attention, the rewards—those dense, crisp heads—make it all worthwhile. Like most brassicas, it thrives in a garden that’s planned with rotation and variety in mind. Don’t be discouraged by a few pest nibbles—it’s all part of the learning!

If you’re new to growing from seed, start with a reliable heirloom variety, give it some TLC, and enjoy the process. You’ll get better with every season 🌱

Happy growing!

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